Integration of Gamification and Adaptive Learning in Augmented Reality Applications to Improve Elementary School Students' Mathematical Problem-Solving Creativity
Article Sidebar
Abstract:
Background of study: Mathematics learning in elementary schools still faces challenges in developing students' problem-solving creativity due to the dominance of procedural approaches and the limitations of contextual and personalized media. The integration of innovative learning technologies such as Augmented Reality (AR), gamification, and adaptive learning has the potential to create visual, engaging, and individualized learning experiences that encourage the exploration of creative strategies and solutions in mathematical problem-solving.
Aims and scope of paper: This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of integrating gamification and adaptive learning concepts in the implementation of AR applications on improving elementary school students' creativity in solving math problems. The scope of the study focused on teaching math material on spatial figures to sixth-grade students at SDN Inpres Pali.
Methods: The study used a quasi-experimental method with a pretest–posttest control group design. The research subjects consisted of two groups, namely the experimental group that used an adaptive gamification-based AR application and the control group that followed conventional learning. The research instruments included a mathematical problem-solving creativity test, an initial ability test, and a learning motivation questionnaire.
Result: The results showed that students who learned using AR applications integrated with gamification and adaptive learning experienced a significantly higher increase in mathematical problem-solving creativity compared to the control group.
Conclusion: The integration of gamification and adaptive learning in AR applications was effective in increasing the mathematical problem-solving creativity of elementary school students and had the potential to become an innovative digital learning model in elementary education.
Keywords: Adaptive Learning, Augmented Reality, Elementary School Student, Gamification, Mathematics, Problem-solving Creativity
References
Bacon, R., & Philosopher, E. (2025). Math-AR Quest: Inovasi Media Interaktif Petualangan Matematika Berbasis Augmented Reality untuk Meningkatkan Kemampuan Literasi Numerasi Peserta Didik Indonesia. Sapanesia. Google Scholar
Boaler, J. (1998). Open and Closed Mathematics: Student Experiences and Understandings. Journal for Research in Mathematics Education, 29, 41–62. https://doi.org/10.2307/749717
Cheriani, C., Muzakkir, M., Iswahyudi, M. S., Apriyanto, A., & Surdin, I. (2024). Buku Ajar E-Learning. PT. Sonpedia Publishing Indonesia. Google Scholar
Clements, D. H., & Sarama, J. (2020). Learning and teaching early math: The learning trajectories approach. Routledge.Google Scholar
Dichev, C., Dicheva, D., & Ismailova, R. (2022). Motivators Matter When Gamifying Learning Activities. International Conference on Interactive Collaborative Learning, 947–958. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-26876-2_89
Garzón, J., Gutiérrez, J., & Lampropoulos, G. (2024). Exploring the Educational Potential of Augmented Reality. 2024 IEEE International Conference on Advanced Learning Technologies (ICALT), 237–238. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICALT61570.2024.00075
Hermayuni, N. M. T. D., Lasmawan, I. W., & Gunamantha, M. (2022). Meningkatkan kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematika ditinjau dari kemampuan berpikir kritis melalui pendekatan saintifik berbasis pembelajaran treffinger. Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan Dan Pembelajaran, 6(1), 1–13. https://doi.org/10.23887/jipp.v6i1.44008
Hidayat, R., & Dimpudus, A. (2025). Efektivitas Penggunaan Model Pembelajaran Creative Problem Solving Terhadap Hasil Belajar Matematika Siswa Kelas VIII SMP. Jurnal Pendidikan Dan Pembelajaran Matematika Indonesia, 14(1), 53–60. https://doi.org/10.23887/jppmi.v14i1.4129
Impron, A., Salim, A. Y., Haerani, E., Kholisatul‘Ulya, N., Purnata, H., Rafiq, A. A., Hikmaturokhman, A., Supriyadi, A., Puspitasari, N. F., & Rahmatulloh, A. (2025). Integrasi teknologi informasi dalam desain pembelajaran modern. Penerbit Widina. https://doi.org/10.31004/jerkin.v4i2.4133
Kharismawati, I., Djamali, M. F., Effendi, E., Nurvicalesti, N., Mukhlisin, H., Prasasti, T. I., Sari, S., Rachman, A., Jamaludin, G. M., & Larekeng, S. H. (2025). Pembelajaran di Era Digital: Teknologi, Inovasi, dan Adaptasi. Penerbit Mifandi Mandiri Digital, 1(02). Google Scholar
Kharismawati, I., Mukhlishin, H., Pratama, M. P., Ervianti, E., Wisudariani, N. M. R., Priyadi, H. G., Larekeng, S. H., Wijayati, I. W., Wayahdi, M. R., & Mayangsari, T. (2025). Teknologi Pendidikan: Teori dan Implementasi. Penerbit Mifandi Mandiri Digital, 1(02). Google Scholar
Kibat, S., Ngelambong, A., & Scott, N. (2023). The potential of augmented reality in education: A scoping review. International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 13(5), 685–699. https://doi.org/10.6007/IJARBSS/v13-i5/17072
Nurkaeti, N. (2018). Polya’s Strategy: An Analysis Of Mathematical Problem Solving Difficulty In 5th Grade Elementary School. EduHumaniora | Jurnal Pendidikan Dasar Kampus Cibiru. https://doi.org/10.17509/eh.v10i2.10868
Sailer, M., & Homner, L. (2020). The gamification of learning: A meta-analysis. Educational Psychology Review, 32(1), 77–112. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10648-019-09498-w
Salsabila, L. (2024). Efektivitas Strategi Pembelajaran Scaffolding Berbasis Kolaboratif Untuk Menurunkan Tingkat Kecemasan Siswa Dalam Menyelesaikan Permasalahan Matematika Pada Siswa Kelas VII SMP Negeri 2 Petarukan. UIN KH Abdurrahman Wahid Pekalongan. Google Scholar
Sarama, J., & Clements, D. H. (2025). Playing to know the world mathematically: J. Sarama and DH Clements. Educational Studies in Mathematics, 1–25. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10649-025-10446-5
Şevk, K. E., & Kocadere, S. A. (2024). A Review on Personalization of Gamified Learning Environments. Journal of Theoretical Educational Science, 17(4), 873–896.. http://doi.org/10.30831/akukeg.1478810
Syahputra, W. A., & Hanum, Z. (2023). Studi Tentang Efektifitas Pembelajaran Adaptif Berbasis Teknologi di Pendidikan Dasar. Jurnal Teknologi Pendidikan, 2(1), 66–71. https://doi.org/10.56854/tp.v2i1.220
Tania, W. P. (2024). Studi Literatur: Inovasi Pembelajaran Matematika pada Era Kolaboratif. Google Scholar
Ukgoda, H. (2025). Gamification in Education: Its Impact on Engagement, Motivation, and Learning Outcomes. Journal of Educational Technology Development and Exchange (JETDE), 18(3), 41–66. https://doi.org/10.18785/jetde.1803.03
UNESCO. (2023). Global education monitoring report summary, 2023: technology in education: a tool on whose terms? UNESCO. https://unesdoc.unesco.org/notice?id=p::usmarcdef_0000386147
Walkington, C., Nathan, M. J., Washington, J., Hunnicutt, J., Darwin, T., Daughrity, L., & Schenck, K. (2025). Comparing learning geometry using a tablet to head-mounted display augmented reality: How and when dimensionality matters. Education and Information Technologies, 30(4), 5397–5426. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10639-024-13008-z
Warli, D., Fatimah, S., Wicaksono, A., Kahar, M. J., Fajriani, F., & Deeteng, A. (2025). Exploration of student learning obstacles in solving propotional problems in junior high school. Al-Jabar : Jurnal Pendidikan Matematika. https://doi.org/10.24042/ajpm.v16i1.26478
Yayuk, E., & Husamah, H. (2020). The Difficulties of Prospective Elementary School Teachers in Item Problem Solving for Mathematics: Polya’s Steps. Journal for the Education of Gifted Young Scientists, 8, 361–368. https://doi.org/10.17478/jegys.665833
